Instructor: All right, we got our hacking machine running
and ready to use.
Before we get to explaining all of the stuff
you see on the screen,
first we need to make sure our machine is working properly.
So we'll just go through a few checks.
The first check that we want to do is
is your machine in full screen mode?
Now in the previous tutorial,
I showed you what you can do to get it in full screen mode
and all you need to do is minimize this screen
and maximize it once again,
in case it already wasn't in full screen mode.
And that is because newest versions of Kali Linux
automatically set your machine to be
in full screen mode
without installing any additional tools for that.
Usually this trick should work.
And if it didn't work
and your machine is still not in full screen mode,
then we need to install something called
VirtualBox Guest Additions.
And I would advise all of you to do it,
even if you already have a full screen mode machine
because Guest Additions will not only help us
with getting our machine to be full screen
but they will also make our machine run smoother and better.
In previous versions of Kali Linux,
we always had to install VirtualBox Guest Additions
to get the full screen mode.
So let us see how we can do that
in the newest version as well.
First we need to do, is we need to go up here
and click on devices, then navigate down to
the insert Guest Additions CD image.
And click on that.
They should get imported.
And in just a few seconds,
we should see this icon on our desktop.
If we double click it, it'll open a folder
where we will see a bunch of files and other directories.
Don't worry, we don't need to know what each
of these files are or what do they do.
The only thing we need to remember
is the path to where these files are.
And up here we can see that these files are located
at /media/cdrom0.
So let us copy this.
I we right click, copy.
Now comes the fun part.
We have to open something called terminal.
And terminal is something that we will use
for the entire course.
It is the most important tool
you need to master as a hacker,
but for now, just follow what I do
and we will explain things as we go.
To open a terminal, right click on your desktop
and click on Open Terminal Here.
It'll open this window, where we can execute our commands.
And once again, since terminal is an important tool
that you must master and learn from scratch,
we'll cover it in the next section in greater details.
For now on, we just want to
install VirtualBox Guest Additions.
The first thing that we want to do is we want to navigate
to that path that we copied.
And to do that using terminal,
we must use a command called cd.
This CD command stands for changing directories
and you can see that we are currently
on the desktop directory, which says right here.
To change the directory, we type the cd command
and then we paste the path where we want to go.
So change directory /media/cdrom.
Press enter and you will see that
in the next line we will be changing directories
to the desired folder.
Now to list all the files inside of this directory
we need to type another command, which is called ls.
What this command stands for is simply just
listing the contents of the current directory.
So you can just remember ls to be a short command for list.
If I press your enter,
we'll see bunch of the files
that are located in the current directory.
These files are actually the files that we saw
once we opened this VirtualBox Guest Additions.
You can see these are the same files.
Right now, we are just there inside of our terminal.
And out of all of these files now we must run one of them.
Can you guess which one?
We know that we can't run the exe files,
since those are aimed for Window Systems
and we are on a Linux system,
but we can, however, run this one called
VBoxLinuxAdditions.run.
If you guess that one, congrats.
This is the one that we will run.
To run it, we can use a command that says
sh VBoxLinuxAdditions.run.
And this sh is just a way for us to actually run this file,
which we are also going to explain
once we get to explaining terminal in greater details.
For now, if we press enter-
Hmm, this program must be ran with administrator privileges.
Aborting.
For now, don't think about this
and just run the following command
sudo sh VBoxLinuxAdditions.run.
If we press enter here, you should get a prompt like this
asking you for your password.
Then type in your password
and keep in mind that even while you're typing
you will not be able to see anything appear right here,
which doesn't mean that you're not typing
you are typing just it doesn't show anything
inside of the terminal.
Once you typed in the password, click enter.
And it'll ask us,
do we want to continue with the installation?
We want to specify right here, yes.
And it'll start the process
of installing VirtualBox Guest Additions.
Now, you will notice
that this entire process will be performed automatically.
We do not need to do anything anymore.
This will install on its own.
And don't worry if there is a part of this entire process
that you did not understand.
We'll discuss all of these commands and tools later on.
This installation rate here will take a minute or two
so let us just wait for that to finish.
Okay, so it has finished, and we can see right here
that it tells us running kernel modules will not be replaced
until the system is restarted.
What this simply means is
that this installation will not have any effect
until we reboot or restart our machine.
So there are two ways that we can do that.
You can either go in right corner, right here,
click on this and click on restart.
Or you can do it in the cool way using terminal.
So if I cancel here and go back to my terminal
and type the command reboot.
It'll say command not found.
And if you get this message as well, what we want to do
we want to type sudo, and then once again, reboot.
Press enter, and this will restart our machine
for us with just one command that we ran in terminal.
Now we are ready to perform the second check.
And the second check would be internet connection.
So we want to see whether we can access the internet
and to check that we're going to use our terminal once again
and we will try to ping Google.
So let us open up our terminal.
We already know how to do that right click
and then open terminal here.
And if we receive responses back from Google
that means we can access the internet.
So let's check it out, type ping google.com.
And here it is.
We're getting responses back.
Great. We can access the internet.
To stop this, we must press control+C.
As we can see right here,
21 packets transmitted, 21 received, and 0% packet loss.
But even though we can access the internet
I want to point one thing out.
If we go to settings of our virtual machine
and we select the virtual machine, navigate to settings,
and from the settings navigate to network settings,
we will notice that we are attached to NAT.
And what NAT is is a network address translation.
This means that the IP address
that our Kali Linux machine has will be given
to us by virtual box.
So if you go to my Kali Linux
and in the terminal type sudo ifconfig,
press enter, enter my password.
Here we will see that we got the IP address of 10.0.2.15
and this is the IP address given to us by virtual box.
Since this can present us a problem later on,
we want our IP address to be received
from our DHCP or from our router.
And before I show you how to do that,
I want to point out why this could present us a problem.
Well, this IP address right here does not belong
to the IP range of my local area network.
If I go to my Windows machine
and open up command prompt to check out the IP address
on my physical machine, I can type right here, ipconfig.
And I will see right here that the IP address
that my physical machine has starts with 192.168.1
and this is not the same IP range.
It starts with 10.0.2.
So I want to change this to start
as my physical machine with 192.168.1.
To do that, my Kali Linux must receive
the IP address from my router
And for all of your Mac users,
you can also type in ifconfig in your terminal on your Mac.
Basically, you can check the IP address of your Mac
the same way that we did inside of our Kali Linux,
by typing, ifconfig.
And all we need to do, to change this IP address
is go to the network settings
and switch from that to bridged adapter.
This will automatically set my bridged adapter
and my adapter to be this one.
Since this is the only one I have
and since I'm connecting over cable connection,
I want to go to the advanced
and check right here, cable connected.
You can select your adapter right here
and once you do, click on, okay.
Just one more thing before we click on, okay.
In case your wireless adapter is not working in Kali Linux,
since there are some wireless adapters that are
not supported by Kali Linux yet,
keep in mind that the cable connection will always work.
So if your wireless adapter doesn't work,
just switch the adapter to cable connection
and then press on OK.
Now that we change this,
if I go back to my Kali Linux machine
and run the same command, which is sudo ifconfig,
now it starts with 192.168.1.
And keep in mind that for you, it might start differently.
It doesn't have to start with these three numbers.
It might be something like 192.168.0
or it might be something like 10.1.1 or 10.0.1.
It depends of your network.
So now we can see that both of these IP addresses
are starting the same.
Okay, great.
Now that we went through both of the checks
for the full screen and network connection,
in the next few lectures,
we can proceed to get more familiar
with the Kali Linux environment and hackers terminology.
See you there.