System monitoring.
Now we are getting deep into the system, administration type of commands are the rules that you will
be working on if you really want to get a job and system administration or systems engineering or Linux
related field, you do need to know all those systems management commands.
Some of them are top D.F. Message ÁGÚST at.
Next, debt free.
And CPU info and memory information, all these commands will list all the system resources and will
tell you how the system is doing, how is it behaving, whether it's running high or low.
So let's look at them one by one by logging into our Linux machine.
Log into our.
All right, the top command you can run without being rude, so if you notice in the top command, once
again, it has CPU information, memory, information.
It tells you which process it's on, which uses running and what command is running.
This is, again, one very powerful command.
And you should really spend some time to look into every field.
And I will I will highly recommend you to go look for the documentation or Google it and find out more
information about it if you want to get out of it.
Q The next one we have D.F..
D.F. gives you your disk protection information.
You can run down a man.
SpaceDev It tells you to report while sys disk usage will run D.F. again and it tells you the file system
is mapped right here.
It has this block.
This is available.
What percent is used now?
The most common options that is used with D.F. is minus H.
H is easier as human readable.
It's easy to understand.
So now it tells you we have a disk size at the root level, which is eight gig and three point four
gig is used and four point six is available and uses 43 percent also give you in percentage and so on
is the memory, which is about two gig.
And then we have a boot file system, which when the system puts everything is located in what to build,
which files to boot.
It has one gig and so one gig here, eight gig here.
So nine gig.
And this free memory, which is the swap or version memories about one gig that makes it 10 gig.
And if you remember, we created a virtual machine with 10 gig, and that's what it's telling you,
the partition information, if your system is dead, it was crashed.
One of the things you should look into it is def minus H output once again, def minus H.
And if there's usage right here, says 100 percent or any of the usage, say 100 percent, then definitely
you are in trouble and you need to free up your displays and you need to find out how to free up this
base.
You need another command that is you said you, you could do man on do you and learn more about it.
It tells you the estimated files, base usage, which is taking up all the space next command.
We have D message.
The message gives you the output of the system, related warning's, error messages, failures or anything
like that.
And you run it.
Of course, it throws a bunch of error messages, a bunch of information at you.
And if you want to view that one page at a time, what do you do?
You pipe it to more and you pipe it to more.
You'll see it gives you the BIOS information.
What when the system initialized, how it went to what CPU?
If there is any issues with the memory, it will report you right here.
If there is a memory leak, if there is issue with CPU that's crashed, motherboard issue, anything
related to your system, hardware will be listed here.
And this is again, one of the good things that you should look at if you are in sys administration,
if you are going for an interview, the interview is going to ask you, give me the commands that you
use to monitor your system.
These are the commands.
You should list them right away.
And I'm telling you, he or she will be impressed right away that you know your commands, you know
your system, administration skills.
The next command will learn, as I was, that I o stands for input and output statistics.
What what's coming in, what's going out, how we are communicating with our system, peripheral devices
or system internal devices, even if it's a desk or network when you run it, it's going to give you
the information right away that the disk is being used with the read per second rate per second and
a lot of different information.
You could also run it or start with space one, which is telling it to refresh.
Keep running it, but refresh it every one second serve to refresh it.
It will refresh it.
Keep telling you to keep updating.
You read and write.
If it is doing any reading, write it will update it as it goes.
You could quit out of it by simply typing.
I think you have to do control see to quit out of.
The next one, we have nets that nets that minus R and B is the option that I mostly use if I want to
find out my gateway information, if I wanted to find my subnet mask and what interface it is going
through, this is the command I will choose.
There are other options that you could use with nets that just nets that and you pipe it and you do
more.
You're going to see a lot of information.
What is connected to the system, what has been disconnected, what's the process side, which processes
that running and and the name of the owner of the process.
So it does give you all the information.
Once again, I apologize.
I cannot cover every single detail.
If I cover it, it's going to take me hours and hours and days and days to do to cover every single
command.
So I will my recommendation is to you is just to simply man net stat.
And you look into the description of this command and the option of this command.
Now, please do remember I've been doing the Lennix for a very long time and trust me, I myself don't
know every single options that a command has to offer.
If I wanted to find out or if I wanted to look for a specific output, then yes, then I would look
into the options that is available.
But it's completely understandable that not every person needs to remember every command or every option
associated with every command.
The next command we have free free gives you the your physical memory and your swaps space, which is
a virtual memory utilization, just usage and free.
The next one we have this cat cat as to read the file of C.P.U info every time your computer is started,
it keeps all its system resources information into files and those files are located in proc.
This proc is the directory where it keeps us all system information.
So you could just do simply caprock info, CPU info.
You will find your CPU information right here.
If you want to know your memory information, you could do proccess system with memory info, of course,
is throwing all the messages, all the screen, multiple one shots.
So you could just do simply pipe it and wore it and you will view it one page at a time.
So these are system monitoring commands.
You do need to remember these specific commands on top of your head.
If you are going for an interview and if you're going for a technical interview or even if you are a
new to Linux environment and you want to learn more commands by monitoring the system resources, you
should look into these commands.