Let's discuss about iPods, electric motors and their suitability to reapplication.
So there are several ways by which you can categorise electric motors.
If we categorize according to the supply voltage, then we have the same motors that run directly on
this supply.
AC Motors.
That once that is established, the face of single face induction by special type of induction motor.
So it does not require any additional electronic components or any arrangement to run.
So when we supply the disabled from the battery or any other source, it will run.
And same for the AC motors.
When we supply the three phases, the motor is just running.
And.
There are the categories that belong to U.S. mortals, it's called electronically commentated mortise,
so these special categories of mortar's includes the different markers that needs our electronics for
switching and position sensing arrangement.
That means in AC motors, we might require the power, electronics and sensing arrangement that is part
of basically drive.
But if we think about the electric vehicle application, it is not fixed for application.
It is variable speed application.
And so even if the DC Motor Racing Motor Vehicle record, the power electronics controller and converters
so that we need to compare not electric motor only, but electric motor died because of application
is variable speed application.
When we think about the AC motors, it can dramatically on supply, but for limited for the high speed
applications, only for the variable speed application.
It's like when the inverter control algorithm and the C motor also required the power electronics converter
as well as the controller to run.
So when we think about the variable speed application, all motors require the power electronics and
we're switching and position and saying, I don't recall the closed loop, but it's important to the
push and sensing always even for the open look speed control system.
So we'll discuss further about which matters belong to categories, the D.C. murders, there are several
kinds of murder decision to murder this if it is murder and permanent magnet D.C. murders.
So this is it is not as used widely for the TV applications since launching the electric train or locomotive.
And because of its produce, the high starting to square up the crime in the city's.
So this city's motorists ideally prefer it for the electric vehicle applications based on its characteristics.
But there are certain limitations that is high maintenance and competition process.
It requires the mechanical commutator arrangement.
So it's the maintenance cost.
And due to this nowadays, we do not pay for the necessities or the industrial application of electric
vehicle.
So we will find various permanent magnet, this emerging market or the low to the low range, but every
applications, but it has that limitation of Pathankot, so it cannot be used for the very high powered.
High performance electric vehicle application, but we found somewhere in the.
Applications of low power range below lower one kilowatt and so.
Characteristic of BMD is identical to the decision to only set up the son.
Instead of testator winding its way to permanent magnet to produce the magnetic flux.
In a simulator that is induction motor and synchronous motor, but induction motor widely used in the
application because it's a reliable operation.
So when we see the induction motor issues with the driver, only, only the induction motor and permanent
magnets, inkless motors are also nowadays used in various applications.
So we'll also find some way some manufacturing companies start using the permanent magnets.
And but there is also limitation and Sinclair Model S implementation.
So induction motors are really used in every application in modern era.
And if we talk about DC Motors that at Brussels, DC Motors and Switzerland, this market, we know
that brushless DC Motors I use widely.
In the application of electric vehicle from low power to high power range and Switzler to smartarse
are also prepress in various applications, but in electric vehicle application, it is the most suitable
motor.
So it does matter.
Nowadays, we will discuss and compare this some motor necessities more to the MDC induction motor vehicle
in SRM along with its drive.
It is not a good idea to compete only motor vehicle competitor.
Joe.
Before that, we will list out the parameters that required for the electric vehicle application, what
is the requirement of electric vehicle application from the motor drive?
The requirement of dry.
It is different kinds of application because your don't need to be low voltage and high current application,
generally the induction motor and then corporate, if it's 440 volt and the industrial voltage rating,
but we are going to operate it on see link voltage from the battery.
And we are having the.
Capacity from the low voltage to high voltage, depending upon the application for bike.
Currently we are using the county up to 72 world and highest 92 world application for the car.
We also used the 440 volt motors, but not beyond that inside the motor.
So when we convert the battery voltage or we connect the battery in cities and battery packs to attend,
the certain will deliver.
So we do that, are we?
Intruder, we increased the battery voltage with electronic converters.
Because transferral become bulky and costly to put inside the vehicle.
So there is also limitation, but if you use the hourly workers to boost the voltage, required the
higher size up in the car and a and sizable increase.
So we generally try to use the same battery voltage according to the motor rating.
And that's why the motor application will help low voltage and high current applications.
This high current create some issues when we design the power electronics converter for the motor and
its cooling arrangement.
That's why this requirement of electric motors is slightly different than other application.
If we design the motor for the same power for the 440 world and same power for the.
The first 72 hours, so for the 72 year current will be very high for conduct that will be taken, then
there should be proper calling arrangement and inside the cabinet and also the rating of the switches
and its encouragement, all will be a special requirement in case of importance because of high current
application for the same power.
The second thing is we require the high starting to achieve the highest acceleration, which requires
high starting.
As we discussed the stocks with characteristic, we are in right constant power raising so that we can
utilize the maximum power net and efficiency point.
So we are interested in larger and wider question.
Power of the model that is operating within.
It can also be more different.
Characteristics can also be modified with electronic control and control algorithm when we use design.
Really quite the higher power weight issue.
That means for the same power, weight of the motor should be as minimum as possible.
Now we are considering the same material and then we will descend because Mortell include the cost if
we consider the same model from the al-Mutairi adding Fisker, which Marka design will give us the minimum
rate for the same mechanical output power.
Obviously, we are interested in highest efficiency because we are having the limited range and we need
to extend the range, it is a battery operated vehicle and this does require the highest efficiency
as much as possible because currently we are manufacturing the markets in India, according to the I
went in a to rating, but what is going beyond Difford That is premium efficiency, glass and standard
so that we need to concentrate on the highest efficiency in manufacturing process or to the highest
efficiency of not only matter but our own system that your stuff converts to.
As we discussed, the current is high, we record the higher thermal vision capability that Mr..
The that should be proper cooling arrangement and also very required to hire which capability for the
thermal range, so according to it, change the design of the mortar to allow the cooling as well as
this capability should be higher.
This is something related to duty cycle.
We know that is a continuous duty cycle, monitoring this continuous duty cycle to see some induction.
Martha Stewart in late March in an industry or an industrial fan blower, it is going to run 24 by seven
and we consider it is the continuous duty cycle.
Our friend is also the continuous duty cycle because it is built to run continuously for number of hours,
days in life.
But some mortars that we use for the mixer grinder and blow that use for some minimum minutes, about
10 minutes, 15 minutes, it is a discontinues duty cycle.
So that can be much smaller for the high power rating because we know the thermal limit temperature
increase slowly.
And when we set it down, according to we calculate the thermal dissipation and the power of the mortar
could be high in small and small range.
But to predict the performance in the electrical vehicle application for the duty cycle, it's put off
so that it is categorized in the special duty mortars.
And yet we do not predict how it is going to be performed by the dryer because there is no train driver.
So yet the part comes when the electric motor for the train is the different application because train
locomotive is the application when driver is trained and it is going to run the train an electric motor
through the mission.
A specific procedure.
Yes, our driver is not.
Follow some procedure and come on, stay at different patterns and each driver, each rider will use
their own pattern to accelerate the motor, to accelerate the vehicle to the left.
And it's also vary by time, by time, according to their mind and mood.
So we will observe the large variation in input speed commands.
So we are not only the high starting target requirements, but the thermal vision capability and starting
torque requirements also need to study the switch and how much variation is possible in terms of duty
cycle and even the motorist categories in the continuous duty cycle application.
That is the chance for the large amount of time we reach the big power and big torque that is beyond
the maximum power limit or beyond the return power of the mortar, and that may raise the temperature.
So we record the special protection also calling arrangement also, and we need to consider this point
that need to be sturdy.
According to the application, so every application is very different than all of that application of
electric motor.
As of now, we studied.
Performance stability with temperature variation.
This is very important point, because our motto should perform well in all the temperature conditions,
because our vehicle is not located at one specific industry or one specific location.
So it is going to run throughout the year.
It may.
It is running and some of it is running in winter.
It is running in different locations in different time.
So that should be considered.
The performance of the master and controller should be remain stable and should not deter it with variation
in temperature.
So because this motor is always going to experience a wide range of temperature even in the winter,
during the summer.
So if we consider the thermal capability, it is different depending upon the region and different depending
upon the weather conditions of normal temperature of different countries, and different reason that
we also need to understand when we build the water supplying to the general region so that performance
stability should be studied according to the maximum range of temperature variation.
And is of controllability and its implementation, that means the implementation of control systems.
It should be easy and reliable as well as the cost effective, the controllability.
It means the control lost, control of acceleration, control of reverse, our flow, control of regenerative
braking and control of electric braking whenever it's required.
So all this should be.
Very easy to implement and easy to control, depending on the matter and speed control techniques,
that is akin to the electric drive.
Then we need the high reliability, the reliability of the tests should be high as the vehicle itself.
We are going to run for a number of years, up to 10 or 20 plus years and use the vehicle.
So we want its maximum reliability and we want this maintenance when we consider the motor plus drive
very quick, that maintenance would be a minimum and the manufacturing cost of the markup should also
be minimal.
So many effects and cost, including the material as well as the manufacturing process.
There are certain things when it comes to the process.
Some motus the contract manufacturing cost.
So now we are having this barometer starting to cost and power is in power, which is efficiency, thermal
capability, temperature variation, controllability, reliability, maintenance and caution, I will
compare the different electric motor drive for this barometer's that is required by the motors or electric
vehicle application.
Let's do one by one so we will have the parameter.
We'll compare the necessities, motor, the MDC, motor induction, motor drivability and etc. And yet
we are comparing electric motor drive and not only the motor.
If we consider the starting talk, this emoter has the high starting thought, the implicit drive,
the moderates starting to induction motor drive.
Now, remember, induction motor does not hold the high starting thought, but when we say the induction
motor drive with the help of safety, we cannot get to higher starting thought.
That's right.
I told you, we are discussing induction motor, right?
Because it is better in current scenario.
We are not discussing only motor induction, motor drive and definitely produce the same the SRM.
What this all can produce a high starting thought.
But not the embassy.
If we consider the cost far easier, as we discussed, the required, the higher cost and decision,
it is more debt for the necessities of life MDC as well as the industrial market, that has some limitations.
But we can extend this constant barbarism in the illicit drug and SRM drive.
Much is limited compared to other markets.
So you can see the green light often present can be attained with the reality and SRM drive.
Our weight ratio, so the power of be smarter and policymakers are low because it requires extra components
like the commuter train buses, which includes the weight and induction model, the good part, weight
ratio, good design can also change it from moderate to high.
But the reality is that Democrats more generally in the hyper weight that come with the compact and
smaller size as a markup, which compared to the benefit.
If we consider the efficiency that is in D.C., more efficiency is less with compared to other because
there have been losses in communication and also and.
TheRap.
Competitively, we can achieve the efficiency to the 70, 75 hot beyond 80 percent also, but yet in
this remote area, efficiency greater than 90 percent and selection water efficiency is high with the
help of induction motor play only when it is virtually under control.
And only we can achieve the second point that we need to consider the efficiency with the variation
in load, because we see the variation is lower, that different condition at slow speed, high speed
with the one with the one passenger to passenger, three passenger like the what is the lower accordingly
the efficiency of the motor chain, because modular design is designed to produce the highest efficiency
at certain amount of load, but with lower variation at the light, lower efficiency of induction motor
is reduced, but with the help of modern day, we can achieve the highest efficiency at different range
of speed.
Also, the race and induction motors running at the lower speed efficiencies degraded.
But we cannot use.
We are comparing driving it's high.
Likewise, merely CNN remote has the highest efficiency, even with the variation in law.
Yet we are having the benefit with variation in law.
We are in the highest efficiency.
Because when motor vehicle is running at low speed, we also need to maintain the highest efficiency.
If you compare the effect of temperature variation and thermal concentration, that is, yet it is moderated
list, but part of the MDC, it is high because when permanent magnets comes magnet property, Detriot
and temperature and it effect the overall performance off of the same thing happens for the less, they
say, more far reaching for the permanent magnet because the materials include permanent magnet.
It's also about the effect of temperature, radiation and high temperatures.
Performance of valises like.
So we are having induction that Netzarim has two motors can handle this variation on effect of temperature
variation.
If we talk about the controllability, the D.C. matters and the highest and easiest way to control the
speed of the Murkoff, but for the induction moderated a little bit complex algorithm and to implement
the speed control techniques it's required to detect or control and repeat.
But it's only limitation because high, dynamic, responsive and really quick we need to control on
either side will be synesthetic, can implement the voltage and current controller same way like we
implemented to be smarter.
We can see the speed.
Controllability is somehow easy in the in its attempt to implement it compared to induction motor drive.
Reliability, reliability, prediction market, really, but because of the existence of gross and committed
reliability, if they see us as somehow less.
Let's come to the manufacturing cost, the manufacturing cost of this motor and predicted high cost
of college required the magnets for manufacturing cost is high because the cost of magnets is too high
compared to other components and will also use the magnets, the cost of fuel.
This is also slightly higher than that.
Saddam and Martha.
And this is it is not cost is high because it requires the commutator inverse arrangement and this required
additional process and materials to cost.
Yet in reality, the magnet placement also into the magnet placement, they think includes the manufacturing
process and.
It's also in the manufacturing times, our cost increase, where if we consider that suddenly is having
the simplest structure among the almatov repairing the router with no ending, only the laminated code
and stamping, we need to join together to form the router and state that also in the salient point
in vending is also simple.
The manufacturing, the switch that does matter is the lesson cost and also Foshan process.
All this make it the lowest cost when it comes to manufacturing costs of the Mozza.
If you think about the maintenance and maintenance of this emoter high due to commuter train crashes,
but induction and the maintenance cost is less as we know, same for the similar to more transparent
motor.
The maintenance costs, the less.
So if we look at this table and green number, we can have an idea, ideally three mortar induction
mortar and that Saddam has that a mortar drive, I proofread for the electrical vehicle application.
Yet SRM Drive is more suitable for the electric vehicle application, have restlessly simulators are
used widely nowadays for the electric vehicle application.
But the industry is going to want to switch to smarter because it does not use any magnet and to avoid
the limitation of magnet temperature, radiation, magnetic cost and supply of the magnets.
We are now thinking about the magnet less motor, which having the same kind of performance so that
the switch does not gaining too much attention or the electric vehicle application.
Now this.