Melanson as the IP version 6 address notation if you follow certain rules you can shorten the address.
The first one says that the groups of zeros can be replaced by a single zero two addresses listed below
our functional counterparts However the second record is still quite long.
The second rule says that if a mattress contains several groups of zeros in a row you can replace them
with a double colon as below.
According to the third rule leading zeros can be omitted.
Therefore the address shown above can finally be written as shown below.
The first 64 bits are still the network address and the rest is the host address.
The notation presented above only makes it easier for the user to analyze the addresses
increasing the IP address pool required to change the structure of protocol headers.
A very flexible solution has been adopted after the first header.
Additional IP version 6 headers may appear.
This means that we can expand the structure of the protocol quite freely
IP version 6 addresses are widely used but not all administrators are familiar with them.
Therefore let's discuss IP version 6 address types the address colon colon one is the address of the
local computer also called the loopback address.
It's the counterpart of the address 6:59 that X Y Z of the IP version 4 protocol.
There is one more difference between the addresses of the two versions of the protocol.
If a host supports IP version 6 it will have more than one address on each network adapter or a network
card.
When it comes to IP version 4 usually one network adapter has one address only.
We have to mention other IP version 6 types so it will become clear why there is one address of each
type.
The multicast address is another one this type is used for broadcast broadcast addresses are also supported
by IP version 4.
They prevent sending same data multiple times.
Thanks to these addresses the data is sent once to all these hosts.
There are also local unicast addresses each active IP version 6 host is a local unicast address that
corresponds to the 1 6 9 to 5 for that x y address of the IP version 4 it was the address assigned by
the people protocol.
If a computer's DHC be klank next to a network that has no active DHC server it has to have an IP version
for Assigned nevertheless.
Otherwise some things wouldn't work.
The computer must generate the address by itself.
This is called automatic private address.
The address will be selected from the 1 6 9 to 5 for that extra X address pool.
This is a non ratable IP address any computer that uses an address from this pool will be able to communicate
only with hosts from the same network.
Then there are unique local addresses.
These are the IP version 6 counterparts of the private addresses of the fourth version.
Those were addresses such as 1 9 2 1 6 8 x y.
They are not readable in the Internet but in general they can be routed.
The last type of addresses is global addresses which is the equivalent of public addresses an IP version
4
examples of all the types of IP version 6 addresses are presented in the table below unlike IP version
4 IP version 6 can be configured automatically and dynamically.
Also the new version of the protocol is to provide a higher level of security.
We have seen that enabling the IP protocol doesn't automatically improve security.
The creators of IP version 6 have made the same mistakes as their predecessors assume that the protocol
will only be used for its designed purpose.
They did not take into account that someone may impersonate a router in order to inject false routes
to a local network routers play an important role in IP version 6 addressing
IP version 6 routers are responsible for assigning globally unique addresses within a network.
The scheme for generating IP version 6 addresses is based on the mac address.
With regards to most computer systems the same network card will always give you the same IP version
6 host address
the network address will change depending on which network you run your computer on.
It is a convenient but a dangerous solution.
It infringes on your privacy.
It gives Web server administrators the opportunity to identify the computer which you use to connect
to the server on the basis of IP version 6 log entries
from Windows 7 onward.
Microsoft started to deliberately ignore the standard.
The standard is that IP version 6 addresses are to be generated on the basis of MAC addresses Microsoft
operating systems generate them randomly each time you start your computer.
It will have a different pseudo random host address.