Now let's start with Linux.
Directory structure.
Now, as you can see from this image, actually, we this is the Linux directory structure.
So this is like a tree and.
From here you can see that we are starting from the slash here slash, which means the root directory,
which is where everything starts.
Now we can start from the bin.
Now you can see slash bin, which means that bin directory inside the root directory and by the way,
the bin here is for the user binaries.
We have the bin for the system binaries.
We have the ETSI configuration files.
Don't worry, we will talk about each one of them in details as low level details.
Everything you need.
It will be handled in this lecture.
No worries.
We have the for device files.
We have the PROC for the process or the proc for the process information.
We have the VAR for the variables files.
We have the temp temporarily files slash user for user programs, home for the home directories.
This is for the users.
The home director of the users, the put the boot, the bootloader files, the lib system libraries
opt to operate optional add on apps and for the mount directory media for removable devices like USB,
VCD, etc. etc..
Back then, floppy if if you are aware of this, it was an old storage media and as our V for the service
data OC.
Now let's start one by one.
First, let's start with the root or the slash.
Now every single file and directory starts from the root directory.
Only root user has the right privilege under this directory.
And please note that the root is the root user home directory, which is not the same as Slash.
So we have actually two places don't release didn't get confused.
So we have the slash alone, which means the root directory of the all of the system files as we mentioned
before.
And we have the slash root if we return back here.
Actually, actually, I didn't put it here because it is not important that much necessarily, but actually
I should have put it here, which is the slash root.
So it should be one of these slash root, which is the home directory of the root user.
Don't worry, we will handle that in details.
Okay.
So the slash root is not the same as the slash slash root is the home directory of the root user and
slash is the root directory of all of the files and and data of the system OC.
Cool.
Now let's start with the bill or the user binaries.
It contains the binary executables.
Common Linux commands you need to use in a single user mode are located under this directory.
Command used by all the user of the system are located here as well.
So for example the PS command ls being grep CP for the copy and etc. etc. oc the esp in the system binaries.
Just like the bin there has been also contains binary executables, but the Linux commands located under
this directory are used typically by the system administrator for system maintenance purposes.
And for example, IP tables reboot f desc i have config as weapon and answer on.
Now let's start with the ATC.
The configuration files.
This contains configuration files required by all the programs.
This also contains startup and shut down shell scripts used to start stop individual programs, for
example.
ATC resolve the conf.
ATC log rotated conf.
And we have that.
If you install engine x, you will find it here.
If you install Apache, you will find it here, MySQL, PostgreSQL, etc. etc. This is the configuration
files for specific programs.
Notice that with the diff the diff devices or device files this contain device files.
These include terminal device, USB or any device attached to the system.
For example, if t.
Y.
DIF tt y which is the tili type or type one oc.
Don't worry, we will talk about this later on in this course, the USB one zero.
These are examples.
Now the PROC or the process information.
This contains information about system process.
This is a pseudo file system, contains information about running process.
For example, slash proc pid.
The process identifier directory contains information about the process with that particular ID.
So for example, you are running a specific service or specific process with with PID.
Every information or pseudo information will be found here OC and under the PROC slash the PID, for
example, 900 you if you go to the 900, you will find that all the information about this specific
process, this is a virtual file system with the text information about system resources.
So for example, the proc up time, this is one of the processes.
Now let's start with the VAR or variable files.
What stands for variable files.
The content of the files that are expected to grow can be found under this directory.
So this includes system log files.
So for example, slash for log packages and database files slash, var lib emails slash, var email
print queue slash, var a spool log files for example, slash var lock temp files needed across reboots,
slash for temp and so on.
Now let's start with the temp or temporary files.
Directory that contains temporary files created by system and users.
The files under this directory are deleted when system is rebooted because this is a temporary after
all.
The less user or user programs it contains binary libraries, documentation and source code for second
level programs.
So for example, slash user bin contains binary files for user program.
If you cannot find a user binary under slash bin, look under the slash user pin.
For example, for example, let's see at.
The UK the command for a CC less ACP or if that would be most likely will be located under this directory.
So the slash user spin also contains binary files for system administrators.
So for example, if you cannot find a system binary under Aspen, look under the user Aspen for example
again eight D Crown SSD, the user add command user command.
So to continue user lib contains libraries as well for the user and user Aspen.
And they use the local contents, users programs that you install from the source.
So for example, when you install Apache from source, it goes under the slash user local Apache tool.
So again, the slash user here it is for the user programs and it is under it.
You can find user lib, user bean, user, local user s-pen and so on.
The Home directory slash home, this is the home directory of all users to store their personal files.
So for example, we have user called John.
It will be slash home slash John again Nikita, slash home Nikita and so on.
The personal files of this.
Users will be here and at the home, the same as we mentioned before the route.
It will not be slash home route.
No, it will be slash route directly because this is the route user, after all.
It will it should be separated between the regular users.
Right.
Slash boot or bootloader files.
It contains bootloader related files.
Kernel in it aadi vm linux grub files are located under the slash boot.
For example, in the image dash 2.6, etc. etc. generic.
This is one of of the files that needed for the bootloader and another file is VM, Linux, etc. etc.
generic.
This is the version.
It doesn't matter.
For now it is just an example.
So these are files very important for the bootloader.
So it will be located under the slash boot.
Leslie or the system libraries.
This contains files that support the binary located under Ben and Espin.
Libraries.
Fights are either the star or lip store.
The US all star, etc. for example LDE to point, etc. etc..
So lib causes that as all 5.7, etc. etc..
These are just another examples.
The opt or optional add on applications.
So OPT stands for optional content add on application for individuals Windows add on applications should
be installed under either opt or opt subdirectory.
So anything inside the the empty or mount directory temporary mount directory where a system administrator
can mount file system OC So you want to mount a specific path system network file system OC.
You will most likely mount it here by default unless you want it another place.
The slash media, the removable media devices.
Temporary.
This is a temporary mount directory for removable devices.
So for example slash media CD rom this is for the CD-ROM media floppy for the floppy drives.
If you recall this, this actually is a very old one.
They are not exist anymore.
Actually the CD rom is not exist anymore, but some are still using it.
Media CD recorder for CD writer and so on.
The Army or service data.
As it stands for service, it contains server specific services related data.
So for example, such as r v c f s contains c s related data.
OC Thanks for watching.