Hello.
Today we will explain filibusters capacitor defined physical construction time.
How construction of fixed values and our ratings.
We will also talk about Capitol performance with AC and DC clowns capacitance values numbering system
and capacitors and circuit series by and banks.
Now let's look at this symbol example of a capacitor as you can see here.
This is a battery.
This is the talk of a steel plate with an insulation between them.
That positive is charging the balls to let off the combustion while the negative is charging the negative
lit of the capacitor now.
Uh let's define the restaurant how it works.
A device that stores energy in electric field.
That is the definition of the carbon store.
It consists of two conductive blades separated by a non conductive material electrons accumulate on
one blade forcing electrons away from the other plate leaving a net positive charge.
As you can see here this is Crystal capacitor charging.
And this is a positive.
And this is a negative charge in each of these two blades.
Think of a capacitor as a very small battery storage battery.
Since this battery is charging that capacitor will hold its charge for a small amount of time.
So it's a timber man of now free looked at here we can see capacitors and different rating.
They are rated by the amount of charge that can be held.
The voltage handling capabilities capabilities insulating material between blades so the depending on
these through for three factors capacitors are rated and each of these three factors uh makes a very
big difference between one capacitor and the other.
The basic capacitor is the Farad single followed and reality can hold a very large amount of charge.
And in electronic circuits the amount of capacitance is usually in the millions and billions of overall
micro Farrar.
Be cool for our dinosaur Rod capacitors are identified by the type of insulating materials between the
conductive blades.
Air Mika tantalum ceramic and bolstering.
So now if we looked at here s ability the ability to hold a charge.
This is the positive blade and this is the negative one.
Uh the ability of the capacitor to hold a charge depends on the conductive blade surface area that area
space between these two blades and the material that exists between these two blades can be area of
ceramic and any other type of material.
Uh so the math the amount of surface area of the conductive Play the larger the surface area the more
child and the for the higher capacitance value the distance between the plates uh the closer the conductive
blades are to each other the stronger the electrostatic field that is developed when the blades are
close together the attraction between the opposing poles is stronger the close up of the blades are
together the higher the covers.
The insulating material between the blades certain materials are more conductive to separating the balls
than others thus allow capacitors to handle higher voltage or to hold a child longer certain materials
are very firmly stable and will not expand or contrast as much with temperature changes therefore making
the capacitive or lack of distance value more stable over wide operating temperature.
Now let's look at this concept of charging a carbon store as you can see here.
Uh.
Let's spend some time talking about how our stores charge lets you know what our thermal energy that
we used earlier tricks the brain to explain.
Uh resistors in this illustration.
Water electrons are entering uh the tank which is a carbon store here from the right as you can see.
And that is that the water electrons enter the tank which is a capacitor.
Depends on how much blush out voltage bushing on the water.
So depending on how much is double sharp more water will go up the outlet valve on the right is closed
so water can uh which is electrolytes cannot escape when there is no water in the tank which is a capacitor.
The reverse brush voltage from the water electrons in the tank would be zero and the water would rush
into the tank which is the capacitor when the tank cluster has all the water electrons it can hold the
reverse pressure of the electrons would equal the voltage pushing the water electrons in to the tank
which is the capacitor and the flow of water electrons would stop and remain constant.
The tank which is the capacitor in is in charge there with the pressure voltage inside the tank capacitor
equal to the pressure voltage of the water electron supply.
In the beginning the water electrons rush in at a rapid rate because the opposing Russia voltage built
up as the bottling rush out of voltage build up as more water electrons enter the tank which is the
capacitor the rate of water or electrons flows laws until it virtually stops when the tank is full so
basically uh this gets applause What are all in third or electrons or internal from this gate and it
will enter fastly at the beginning since there is no voltage here then slowly it will uh decrease the
speed of flowing electrons as the voltage here increases cause of these two tanks one with a nine uh
let's say ten volts and one empty uh these will equal each other until the two tanks have five volts
so think of it like a tank that you are filling with water um as you can see here this is how the combustible
look and real love in the following activity you will charge lack of a store by connecting about source
nine volt battery Blockbuster you will be using an electro electoral electric capacitor a capacitor
that uses a polarity sensitive insulating material between the conductive blades to increase the charge
capability in a small physical bucket not the component has banality ID plus or minus and you need to
take good care of these polarities since Mr messing with them were result in blowing the cluster.
Now touch the two leaders of the capacitor together this short circuit the capacitor to make sure there
is no residual charge left in the capacitor using your Volt on measure of the Volt across the reach
of the capacitor now connect the capacitor as in this circuit.
That was the positive than negative the negative terminal wire up the circuit and child lock up a store
bar will only have to be applied for a moment to fully charge the capacitor quickly remove the capacitor
from the circuit and touch the Volt all metal blobs the capacitor leads to measure the voltage carefully
observe the voltage reading over time until the voltage is at a very low level down to zero volts now
as you can see in this registration this is used to discharge a cover story we will close that in inlet
and open the outlet then the charge will come out just like water through the outlet until it reaches
zero volts this administration returns to the water tank analogy to help show what happened after the
capacitor is charged and allowed to discharge the intake valve on the lift is closed here and the outlet
valve on the right is opened and the previous activity when the Volt o meter was connected to the store
a bath was opened for the electrons to flow from the carbon store the Volt o meter does take a little
bit of column to make the readings initially when the capacitor was fully charged there was approximately
9 volt of pressure pushing the electrons down the conductor as the voltage drop in step with the reduced
charge the pressure bushing the electrons also decrease causing a decrease in electron flow how this
showed up on the volt meter was an initial rabbit volume drop that showed down to crawl in reality a
Buster is charged only after a prolonged period of time the voltage drop is a symbolic to zero leverage
has zero now the behavior uh the stop behavior in DC and AC and connecting capacitors and series and.
But I will be discussed in the next lesson.
Thanks for watching.
This is education engineering team.