‫Welcome to this section on Amazon S3.
‫So this section is very important
‫because Amazon S3 is one of the main building blocks of AWS
‫and the way it's advertised is
‫that it's infinitely scaling storage.
‫So as a matter of fact,
‫a lot of the web relies on Amazon S3.
‫For example, many websites use Amazon S3 as a backbone
‫and many AWS services will also use Amazon S3
‫for integrations as well.
‫So in this section, we'll have a step-by-step approach
‫to Amazon S3 to learn the main features.
‫So there are so many use cases
‫for Amazon S3 because at its core is S storage.
‫So imagine S3 is used for backup and storage.
‫It could be for your files
‫it could be for your discs, and so on.
‫For disaster recovery purposes.
‫For example, you will move your data to another region.
‫In case a region goes down,
‫then your data is backed up somewhere else.
‫It's for archival purposes.
‫So you can archive files in Amazon S3
‫and retrieve it at a later stage
‫for much, much cheaper.
‫For hybrid cloud storage.
‫So in case you have storage on premises,
‫but you won't expand it into the cloud,
‫you can use Amazon S3 for this.
‫To host applications, to host media such as video files,
‫images, and so on.
‫To have a data lake, so to store a lot of data
‫and to perform big data analytics,
‫for delivering software updates,
‫for hosting static websites, and so on.
‫And two use cases is that the Nasdaq stores
‫seven years of data into the S3 Glacier share service,
‫which is like the archival service of Amazon S3.
‫And Sysco runs analytics on its data
‫and gains business insights from Amazon S3.
‫So Amazon S3 stores files into buckets.
‫And buckets can be seen as top level directories.
‫And actually, the files
‫in these S3 buckets are called objects.
‫And these buckets, they are created in your account
‫and they must have a globally-unique name.
‫That means that the name must be unique
‫across all the regions you have it in your accounts,
‫but also all the accounts that exist out there on AWS.
‫So this is the only thing
‫that must be globally unique in AWS.
‫And the buckets are defined at the region level.
‫So even though the name of the bucket is unique
‫across all regions and all the accounts,
‫the buckets must be defined in a specific AWS regions.
‫So three looks like a global service,
‫but the buckets are actually created in a region,
‫and that is a common mistake for beginners.
‫So there is a naming convention for S3 buckets.
‫You don't remember it, but it's good to know.
‫So bucket names must have no uppercase, no underscore.
‫They must be between three and 63 characters long.
‫They must not be an IP.
‫They must start with a lowercase number or lowercase letter.
‫And then there are some prefix restrictions.
‫So as long as you use letters and numbers and hyphens,
‫you're good to go.
‫Okay, so now let's talk about objects.
‫So these objects, they're files
‫and they have what's called a key.
‫And an Amazon S3 object key is the full path of your file.
‫So if you look at my bucket,
‫this is the top level directory.
‫Then the key of my file at TXT is my file dot TXT.
‫But in case you want to nest it in what we call folders,
‫then the key is going to be the full path.
‫So my folder one slash another folder slash my file dot TXT.
‫Therefore, the key is composed
‫of a prefix and then an object name.
‫So we can, for example, decompose the path from before
‫into the prefix, which is my folder one and another folder,
‫and the object name, which is my file dot TXT.
‫So Amazon S3 does not have a concept of directories per se,
‫although when you look in the console, the UI,
‫you will think otherwise
‫and you will actually create directories.
‫But anything and everything in Amazon S3 is actually a key.
‫And keys are just very, very long names
‫that contain slashes and keys are made
‫of a prefix and an object name.
‫Okay, so the objects then, what are they?
‫Well, their values are the content of the body.
‫So you can upload a file,
‫you can upload whatever you want into Amazon history.
‫So the max object size is five terabytes.
‫So this is 5,000 gigabytes.
‫And if you upload a file that is very big
‫and if that file is greater than five gigabytes,
‫so a big file, okay, then you must use
‫the multi-part upload to upload that file
‫into several parts.
‫So if you have a file of five terabytes,
‫then you must upload at least 1,000 parts of five gigabytes.
‫Now, the object can also have metadata,
‫their list of key and value pairs, and that could be set
‫by the system or set by the user to indicate some elements
‫about the file, some metadata.
‫Their tags, for example, their Unicode key
‫and value pairs up to 10,
‫they're very useful for security and life cycles
‫and sometimes the object will have a version ID
‫if you have enabled versioning.
‫So that's it for an introduction to Amazon S3.
‫I'm sure you're curious about how that works,
‫so let's go in the console to get started.